Valve



2 Sheets-Sheet 1 C. W. RISDEN VALVE Filed Nov. 22,1925

1N V EN TOR A TTORNE YS W 'LsaZe,

Feb. 9 1926.

s 4 //7/ Av a Feb. 9 H5262' C. W. RISDEN I VALVE Filed Nov. 22, 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR 6. WE1/5de,

A TTORNE YS Patented Feb. 9, 1926.

UNiTi-:D STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES WILLIS RISDEN, 0F HOLLYWOOD, CALIFORNIA.

Application tiled November 22, 1923. Serial No. 676,377.

To all 'whom 'it may concern:

Be it known that-I, CHARLES WILLIS RIS- DEN, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Hollywood, inthe county of Los Angeles and State of California, have in.

vented certain new and useful Improvements in Valves, of which the following is a specification.

.This lnvention relates .to valves and more vparticularly to a rotary valvefor use in vinternal combustion engines.

An object of the invention is the provision of a rotary valve through which the exhaust Another object of the invention is the provision of a rotary valve which controls the exhaust and the flow of combustible mixture to the engine, the valve being so constructed as to operate as a fan' to scavengethe valve vcasing and the combustion chamber, and to introduce fresh air to the burning gases'before they are discharged, thereby lessening thenoise in the exhaust and eliminating the use of a mufiier.

A further object of the invention isf/'the provision of a rotary valve which is partially exposed to the atmosphere and which operates as a fan whereby said valve is cooled.

A` still further object of the invention is the provision of a hollow rotary vvalve partially enclosed Within a casing andhaving ports varying in sizes with the ports in the casing for effectingA a differential balancing of the valve under varyingconditions of the forces acting on said valve.

Another object of the inventionis the provision of a rotary valve and aibaftle plate cooperating with a side wall of the valve to aid in maintaining the valve leakproof Yand for aiding in balancing the valve under varying conditions of the .forces acting on the valve. l t.

This invention' will be best understood from a consideration of the following detailed description, in rView of the accompanying drawings forming a part of the specification; nevertheless it is to be understood that the invention is not confined to the vdisclosure, being susceptible offsuch changes and modifications which Shall define no material departure from the salient features of the invention asexpressed in the appended claims.

lin the drawings: v

Figure l is a vertical section of an engine showing my improved valve applied to the same. 1

Figure 2 is a fragmentary view inside elevation ofthe valve as applied 4'to an engine.

Figure 3 is a vertical section of the engine and valve taken along the line 3-3 Vof Figure 1.

Y Figure 4 is a vertical section of the valve and engine taken along the line 4-4 of Figure Referring more particularly to thel drawings, 1 designates an engine cylinder' in which is reciprocated apiston 2. A pair of iy wheels 3 and 4 are connected respectively with shafts 5 and '6. A crank pin 7 connects the piston rod 8 with the iy wheels 3 and 4, the pin being tothe shaft 6.

A gear 9 keyed to shaft 5 is in mesh witha gear 10 mounted on a countershaft 11. 4A

`sprocket 12 rigidly secured to the shaft 11 ecoentrically mounted relative drives a c'hain 1 3 which in turn drives a second sprocket `14. Sprocket 14 is rigidly connected on the outer projecting end'of a counter shaft 15 adapted to 'drive a valve generally designated by the numeral 16.

The upper end of the cylinder 1 is closed by acurved head 17` and is provided with diametrically disposed threaded openings in whi h are screwed plugs 18 for the ready inspedtion of the-interior of the combustion Achamber 19. I

A valve casing 20 is mounted centrally of the head 17 and has va .portion projecting `downwardly into the combustion chamber 19. l The side walls21` and 22 are connected respectively by 'a curved` rim 2 3 as. shownV l lmore particularly., in yFigures 3v and 4. rThe* upper end of the valve casing is Yshown at 24 as having an open top whereby. the por-.

tion of the valve which is located adjacent this portion is exposed to the atmosphere.

`cation with an'exhaust'pipe25 which is integrally formed withthe casing and extend The valvecasing 20 is ,in open communiduit mergesinto= the curved-portion 26 which i is integrally formed with the walls .2l-and wall of said casing.f The valve'fcasing 221is 22 of the casing and formsthe 'rear-exposed f provided with'an axial and tubular extension 27 having a threaded outer end projecting beyond the wall of the cylinder 1 and engaged by a threaded union 28 connected with the carbureter 29. Located withinthe tubular member 27 is a sleeve 30 which extends from the outer end of the tubular member 27 and projects into -the valve 16.

The wall 21 is provided with a tubular extension 31 which forms a bearing for the shaft 15. A fork 32 engaging a groove 33 in the shaft 15 is rigidly connected with the sleeve 31 and maintains the shaft 15 within its bearing but permits a slight play of the shaft longitudinally of the bearing 31.

The inner end of the shaft 15 is squared as shown at 34 and received in a squared opening in a hub 35 formed on the inner face of one side 36 of the valve 16.

The sha-ft 15 extends through av central opening in a baille 37, said baffle being spaced at least a 32nd of an inch from the inner face of the wall 21 of the casing 20 and is maintained against rotation by means-of spring pressed lugs 38 passing through perforations in the side wall 21 and engaging notches in the outer face of the battle 37. Springs 39 secured to the out'erface of the lwall 21-are perforated to receive the outer reduced ends -40 of' the lugs 38. As shown in Figure 2, these springs and lugs are spaced at predetermined points adjacent the periphery of the wall 21 of the casing 20.

The valve 16 has a Second wall 41 spaced from the .wall 36. It will be noted from Figure 1 that wall 36 of the valve has a eater thickness than wall 41. The valve 16 is substantially rectangular in cross section and is provided at its upper end with a valve port 43 in the wall'36 and a valve port 44 at the bottom of said wall. The

wall 41 of the valve 16 is provided with a port 45 at its upper end and a port 46 at its lower end.

An elongated chamber 47 is formed centrally of the valve and is embraced between the two side walls 36 and 41, two transverse walls integrally connected with the side walls and top and 4bottom walls 42 connected `to the walls y48 and the side walls 36 and 41. These walls form the intake chamber 47 of thevalve which is in .com-

` munication with the sleeve .'30 and the carbureter` 29. Ribs or vanes '49 are integrally formed with the transverse wallsl48 and the side walls`36 and 41 and are located in a diameter of the circular 'valve 16. These vanes are located at an acute angle to the planerunning longitudinally' centrally of the chamber-47 and divide the valve into two portions forming the exhaust chambers i of the valve. -The side wall 36 of the valveV 16 inthe lower portion of the exhaust chamber of said v lve, is provided With-a port-50 while the up er portion is provided with a port 51. The side wall 41 of said valve is provided with van exhaust port 52 in its lower portion and an exhaust port 53 in its upper portion.

The intake ports 46 and 45 and exhaust ports 52 and 53 in the side wall 41 are casing 2O are provided with alined annular grooves surroundingthe ports 55 and 56 'and' are equipped with a pair of packing rings 57 in order to seal the ports against escape of Huid. Connected with the port 54 of the side 22 of the valve casing is a tubular member `58 formed integrally with the inner wall of the head 17 ofthe cylinder 1, the passage therethrough being oval-shaped in crosssection. A second conduit 59 similar in shape and construction to the conduit 58 is in open 'communication with the ports 56 and 55 and is also formed integrally with the cylinder head.

The plugs 18, as shown in Figure 1, extends suliciently inward of the cylinder Walls of the engine in order to be screwed into a'threaded opening in the conduits 58 and 59.. The inner ends of the plugs 18 are dished out iny order to provide suicient space in the conduits 58 and 59 to permit the ready flow of the exhaust gases from the combustion chamber and' the flow of combustible mixture to said chamber.A The dished shaped portions 60 of the plugs will The baffle 37 `and the side plate 21 of the l tend to cause the combustible mixture, when during the intake or suction stroke sinceA the greater area of the surface of the side 41 will be exposed to port 54 than of the surface'of wall 36 ot the valve through port 56. The action of the negative vpressure on hug the inner face of the wall 22 of vthe housing while during the compression cycle the limited space between'the wall 21 of the housing andthe baffle 37 embraced by the rin 57 exposes a greater. area of the ba e 36 to the compression chamber which will have the effect of forcing the baffle plate in snug engagement with `the wall 36 -of Athe wall 41 will tend to cause said wall to 4 ends of the firing stroke, the port 53 alines the valve and likewise tendingto cause the Wall 41 of the valve to have a snug engagement With the inner face of the W ll 22 of the housing. `During the neutral period in which neither the compression nor the suction stroke are in evidence the springs 39 Will tend to f rce the lugs 38 inWardly'and rause the ba c plate 37 to engage the side wall 36' of the valve. 1t Will be seen by `the differential construction of the areas of the various ports and the area of the surface of thebaii'le 37 embraced by the rings 57 which is exposed' to the pressure Within the combustion chamber, that an unbalanced condition is provided for the valve for a proper operation of said valve. i

The operation of my device is as follows:

When the piston 2 is reciprocated Within the cylinder 1 on the suction stroke, the mixture is drawn from the carbureter 29 through the sleeve 30 to the interior of the valve which isl embracedl in the elongated chamber 47. `'llhe valve is rotated through the chain 13 and countershaft 15 in the ratio 1:4. In other Words, the valve is rotated once to every four revolutionsv of the crank shaft. When port 44 alines with ports and 56, respectively, in the vbaflic and housing and simultaneously with the alinement ot the port 4G with the port 54 in the housing, the mixture is drawn into the combustion chamber` 19 upon the 'downward stroke of the piston 2. Upon the up stroke of the piston the rotation of the valve has closed ports 54 and 56 and the mixture is compressed. At the end of the compression stroke the mixture is fired by means of the usual spark plug 61 threaded into an opening in a boss G2. Adjacent the with a port 54 while port 51'alines with. ports 55 and 56 and upon the up stroke of the piston 2 the burnt gases are forced upwardly through the conduits 58, and 59 throughl the respective ports vand into the exhaust portions of the chamber in the valve y 16. The side Walls 48,'andy the vanes 49 being open tothe atmosphere at vthe time of,V the intake stroke are exposed to the atmos, phere and are thereby cooled As soon as the lower vane 49 passes "the end 63 of the lower portion l23 of the valve casing, the lower vane 49 and the side Wall 48 tend to force fresh air into the valve casing and which is mixed with the burnt gases when the lower vane 49 opens into said lexhaust conduit. 25. rllhe vanos 49 and the side Walls 48 of the chamber 47 act as a fan for constantly driving fresh'air into the exhaust housing, as shown at Figure 4, iscut off at i 64 so that at least one-half of the valve is always exposed to the atmosphere betiveen the points 63 and 64 on the housing.

Each valve port is in the shape of thesestor of a circle and is equal to substantially 25"` so that during rotation of the valve 4the valve must move thro-ugh substantially 25o to fully open the intake ports while the valve rotates to 25 more to close the ports. Each pair of the alined exhaust ports 52 and 53, 50 and 5l require 57 to open 'and close the same. The compression stroke extends thro-ugh the period covered :by 37 of rotation While the power impulse extends over 34. The other pairs ofi alined exhaust ports and intake ports require a similar degree of revolution for opening and closing, together with the Jcompression and power impulses to complete the second half of the revolution of the valve.

A positive oiling system is eliminated by the employment of graphite inlays 71 and 7 0 in the bearing surfaces of the respective driving shaft and valve for lubrication pur7 poses and which under normal conditions Will ontlast the construction of the engine.

What li claim is: l

1. `In an internal combustion engine, the

combinationV of a cylinder having an in tegr/ally formed head, a valve housing formed integrally with the head and having its lower end projecting into the combustion chamber of the cylinder, an exhaust conduit in open communication VWithgthe housing, said valve housing Where projected lbeyo-nd the cylinder head being opentothe atmosphere and provided With ports in the side Walls of the housing Where projecting into the `combustion chamber, a rotary -valve mounted in the housingV and vhaving' a pair .of annular side Walls spaced from each other, an elongated intake chamber formed centrally and integrally with the wallsa-nd connecting the Walls together, vanes connectedfto the side Walls and tothe Walls of l the intake chamber and located `radial-ty of vthe circular valve, a hollow sleeve connecting the interior of the 'intakechamber with the exterior of the cylinder, pairs vof diametrically disposed ports through the side Walls of the valve and opening into the intake chamber, and. pairs ,of diametrically disposed exhaustfports formedin the spaced wallspof the ,valve and/ located exteriorly 'of Nthe intake chamber, the exhaust ports 'and the intake 'ports adapted to aline with the alined ports in the bottom of the valve housing,l and a battle 'platedisposed between one wall of the, housingand a ivall of the valve and provided with a port alined. with' the adjacent port in thev Wall of the housing, a shaft connected with one Wall of the valve, and means adapted to be rotated for i rotating the valve, the valve housing being open at its outer end whereby the valve is exposed directly to the atmosphere.

2. In an internal combustion engine, a, cylinder provided with a cylindrical valve casing, said casing having a portion exposed directly to the atmosphere and a porton piojecting into the combustion chamber ofk the cylinder and provided with ports opening into the cylinder, a' hollow valve mounted for rotation within the casing and provided with spaced ports in its walls adapted to aline at predetermined intervals with the ports in the casing, said casing having its upper exposed end open whereby the valve is exposed directly to the atmosphere.

3. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder provided with a cylindrical valve casing, said casing having a portion exposed to the atmosphere and a portion projecting into the combustion chamber of the cylinder and provided with ports opening into the c linder, a hollow valve mounted for rotation within the casing and provided with spaced ports in its walls adapted to aline at predetermined intervals with the Aports in the casing, certain of the ports in -the casing having a greater area than the ports in the valve alining with said ports in the casing, said casing having its upper exposed end open where y the valve is exposed directly'to the atmosphere. .j

4. In an internal combustion engine, a

cylinder provided with a cylindrical valve casing, said casing having a portion exposed to the atmosphere and a portion projecting into the combustion chamber ofthe cylinder and provided with ports opening into the in` terior of the cylinder, a circular baiHe plate having-port alining with the ports in the casing yand in juxtaposition with one end of the cylindrical casing, a valve mounted in the casing and having ports adapted to aline with the ports inthe casing and the baiile plate, said casing having its upper exposed end open whereby the valve is exposed directly to the atmosphere.

5. In -anV internal combustion engine, a cylinder provided with a cylindrical valve casing, s aid casing having a portion exposed to the atmosphere and a portion projecting into the combustion chamber of the cylinder and provided with ports opening into the interior of the cylinder, a circular baiiie plate having port alining with the ports in the casing and i`n juxtaposition with one end of the cylindrical casing, a valve mounted in the casing and vhaving ports adapted to aline with the ports in the casing and the baille Jlate,'and means for maintaining the ba e plate against rotation and for causing said baiiie plate to snugly engage one side of the valve, said casing having its upper exposed end open whereby the valve is exposed directly to the atmosphere.

, casing, said casing having a portion exposed to the atmosphere and a portion projecting into the combustion chamber of the cylinder and provided with ports opening into the interior of the cylinder, a circular baiiie plate having port alining with the ports in the casing and in juxtaposition with one end of the cylindrical casing, al valve mounted in the casing and having ports adapted to aline with the ports in the casing and the baille plate, the baile plate and one end of the casing being provided with alined annular grooves embracing the periphery of the alined ports in the baiiie plate and casing, and packing rings mounted in said grooves, a portion of the baiiie plate and the valve being exposed directly to the atmosphere. p

7. In 'an internal .combustion engine, a cylinder rovided with a cylindrical valve casing, said casing having a portion exposed to the atmosphere and a portion projecting into the combustionchamber of the cylinder and provided with ports opening into the interior of the cylinder, a circular baiiile plate having port alining with the ports in the casing and in juxtaposition with one end of the cylindrical casing, a valve mounted in the casing and the baffle plate, the baffle plate and one end of the casing being provided/with alined annular grooves embracing the periphery of the alined ports in the baille plate and casing, and packing rings mounted in said grooves, the port in the baille plate being of greater area than the alined ports in the valve, the casing being open at one end whereby the valve is exposed directly to the atmosphere.

8. In an internal combustionk engine, -a cylinder provided with a cylindrical valve casing, said casing having a portion` exposed to the atmosphere and a portion pro-A jecting into the combustion chamber of the cylinder and having ports affording communication between the casing and the coinbustion chamber, a hollow valve mounted for rotation withiny the casing provided with ports adapted to aline with the ports in the casing, a baiiie interposed between one side of the valve and an end of the casing and provided with a port alining with one of the ports in the casing, the end wall of the casing adjacent the baiile being provided with spaced perforations, pins mounted for reciprocation within the perforations, springs for forcing vthe pins inwardly, the baie ybeing provided with socketsv adjacent the periorations in the end wall of the casing adapted to receive the inner end of the pins, said casing having an opening whereby the' valve is exposed directly to the atmosphere.

9. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder provided with a cylindrical valve o v casing, said casing having a portion cut away and exposed to the atmosphere and a portion projecting into the. combustiony chamber of the cylinder, said casing being vcylinder provided with a cylindrical valve casing, said. casing having a portion cut away and exposed tothe atmosphere and a portion projecting into the combustion chamber of the cylinder, said casing being provided with ports affording a communication between the combustion chamber and the interior ofthe casing, a hollow elongated valve mounted for rotation in the casing and having its opposite ends curved to conform opening whereby' the valve isl titi tog the curvature-of the peripheryot the casing, the side walls of the valve being provided with ports adapted to aline with the ports in the valve casing, the eut-away portion of the casing exposing portions et the valve to the atmosphere for cooling, means for rotating said valve, said valve being adapted tb torce fresh air into portions of lthe'valve casing,- -said `casing having an exposed directly to the atmosphere.

l1. ln an linternal combustion engine, a cylinder provided with a cylindrical valve casing, `said casing having ,a portionv cut away and exposed to the atmosphere and a portion projectingjnto the combustion chamber ofthe cylinder, said casing being provided with ports affording' a communication between the combustion chamber and the interior of the casin a hollow elongated valve mounted for rotation inthe easing and having its opposite ends curved to lconform tothe curvature of the periphery of the casing, the side walls ot the valve being prof vided with ports adapted to aline with the vports in the valve casing, said valvebeing provided with diametrically disposed blades which cooperate with the body ofthe valve to form afan for `forcing fresh air into the 4casing to be mixed with. the exhaust gases from the engine, said casing having an open'- ing whereby the valve is ,exposed directly to the atmosphere.

l2. lin an internal combustion engine, a cylinder provided with a cylindrical valve casing, said casing having a portion exposed to the atmosphere and a portion projecting into the combustion chamber and.v provided with ports in its opposite ends where saidcasiiig projects into the combustion chan'iber to form alternately exhaust and intake ports, a hollow valve mounted for rotation within the casing and provided With exhaust and intake ports adapted to ali-ne with the ports in the casing, an intake conduit connected with the hollow valve axially of the casing, an exhaust conduit connected with the easing and extending tangentially from the same, said casing having an opening whereby the valve is exposed directly to the atmosphere.

13. In an internal combustion engine, a

cylinder provided with a Cylindrical valve casing, said casing having a portion exposed tothe atmosphere and a portion projecting into the combustion chamber and provided with ports in its opposite ends where said casing projects into the combus-g tion chamber to form alternately exhaustand intake ports, a hollow valve mounted :tor rotation within the casing and provided with exhaust and intake ports adaptedl tol aline with the portsin the casing, an intake conduit connected with the hollow 'valve axially of the casing, an exhaust conduit connected lwith the casing and extending tangentially from the same, and" conduits within the cylinder and upon opposite sides of the valve easing and connecting the cylinder with the ports in the casing, said casing having its exposed-end open whereby the valve is exposed directly to the atmosphere.

14. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder provided with a cylindrical valve casing, said casing having a portion ex-n posed to the atmosphere and a portion projecting into the combustion chamber and provided with port-s in its opposite ends where said casing projects into the combustion chamber to form alternately exhaust and intake ports, a hollow valvemounted :for rotation within the casing and provided with exhaust andintake ports adapted to i' aline with the ports in the casing, an intake conduit connected with the `hollow valve axially of the casing, an exhaust conduitl connected. with the casing land extendingn tangentially from the same, and conduits within the cylinder and upon opposite sides oi the valve casing and connecting the cylin- 'der with'the ports in-the casing, said conduits and cylinder lbeing, provided with threaded alined openings, and a plug adapted to be screwed into said openings for closing the same, said casing having its exposed endopen whereby the valve is exposed directly to the atmosphere.

15. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder -provided with aJ cylindrical valve casing, said casing having a portion/exposed to the atmosphere and a portion/projecting into the combustion chamber et the cylinder, a hollow rotary valve 'mounted within the casing, one'side of the valve being provided with a`l1ub having a socket therein, a shaft mounted on the cylinder` andv connected with .a moving member of the engine for causing rotation of thersame, one end of the shaft projecting into the socket within the hub of the Valve whereby the shaft will cause rotation of the valve and may be readily disconnected therefrom,

said casing: having' an opening whereby the valve is exposed directly to the atmosphere.

1G. In an internal combustion engine` a cylinder provided with a cylindrical valve casing, said casing having a portion exposed to the atmosphere and a portion projecting into the combustion chamber of the cylinder, a hollow rotary valve mounted Within the casing, one side of the Valve being provided with a hub having a, socket therein, a shaft mounted on the cylinder and Connected with a moving part of the engine for causing rotation of the same, one end of the shaft projecting into the socket within the hub of the valve whereby the shaft will cause rotation of the Valve and may be readily disconnected therefrom, and means to maintain the inner end of the shaft in engagement with the socket in the hub while permitting a longitudinal play of the shaft and a slight transverse movement of. the valve Within the casing, said casing havin an opening whereby the valve is exposed directly to the atmosphere.

CHARLES WILLIS RISDEN. 

